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"Pinto Dam is a dam in Grant County, Washington. The dam was a project of the United States Bureau of Reclamation, completed from 1946 through 1948 as one element of the vast Columbia Basin Project for irrigation water storage, flood control, and hydroelectric power generation. Pinto Dam is an earthen structure, 130 feet high and 1900 feet long at its crest, that provides offstream storage of water. The six-mile-long crescent-shaped reservoir it creates, Billy Clapp Lake, was originally called Long Lake Reservoir, but was renamed for one of the sponsors of the project, a lawyer from Ephrata, Washington. The lake offers year-round fishing for yellow perch, crappie, rainbow trout, and walleye. The Stratford Wildlife Recreation Area borders Billy Clapp Lake on its eastern shore and hosts migrating waterfowl. Another sizable lake, Brook Lake, also stands below the dam. Columbia Basin Project Pinto Dam and Billy Clapp Lake are part of the Main Canal (1951) of the Columbia Basin project.Draft Environmental Statement, Columbia Basin Project, Washington; Columbia Basin Project, Ephrata, Washington; Department of the Interior, (INT DES-75-3), Bureau of Reclamation, Department of the Interior; Washington, D.C.; 1975 The canal is , from Banks lake to Billy Clapp Lake. From the Billy Clap Lakes outlet, the lower reach of the Main Canal continues westward to divide into the East Low and West Canals near Adco on Washington 28. The canals total length is about including about in Long Lake. By constructing Long Lake Dam, later renamed Pinto Dam, Reclamation utilized the coulee to avoid additional canal costs. The Columbia Basin Project; Wm. Joe Simonds; Bureau of Reclamation History Program; Denver, Colorado; Research on Historic Reclamation Projects; 1998 =Billy Clapp Lake= Billy Clapp Lake formed behind Pinto Dam along the length of Long Lake Coulee. The coulee is the result of the Missoula Floods. The reservoir is long and wide with a maximum depth of feet. Previous to the creation of the reservoir, the basin contained five smaller lakes, i.e., Long, Coffee Pot, Pot, Cold Spring and July Lakes. =Pinto Dam= Pinto Dam, a zoned earth and rockfill structure, is long and high above bedrock. An uncontrolled open-channel emergency spillway is provided around the left abutment of the dam in a channel excavated in rock. Billy Clapp Headworks has radial gates to regulate the flow of water into the lower reach of the Main Canal. References Dams in Washington (state) United States Bureau of Reclamation dams Buildings and structures in Grant County, Washington Dams completed in 1948 Lakes of Grant County, Washington "
"The Misicuni Multiplepurpose Project, better known as the Misicuni Dam, is a concrete-face rock-fill dam constructed on the Misicuni River about northwest of the city of Cochabamba, Bolivia. The dam will divert water from the Misicuni River to the Cochabamba Valley for several purposes to include providing water for irrigation and municipal water uses. In addition, the dam has an associated 120 MW hydroelectric power station, powered by 3 turbines 40 MW each. Construction on the dam began in June 2009 but was halted in November 2013 due to contract disputes. The company finished the construction and is started the operations in September 2017. Characteristics and costs The project has three components: * Phase I includes an already completed 20 km tunnel with the capacity to provide 2 cubic meters per second of drinking water and 1 cubic meter per second for irrigation to Cochabamba and the surrounding areas. Its cost was US$84 million. * Phase II includes a 120-meter-high concrete-face rock-fill dam with a 460-hectare reservoir with a storage capacity of 154 million cubic meters, as well as pipelines, pumping stations, a water treatment plant and an irrigation network to irrigate 4,000 hectares (under construction as of 2013). Its cost was also estimated at US$84 million, * Phase III includes a hydropower plant with an installed capacity of 120 MW at an estimated cost of US$200 million (under construction since April 2010). Water will be diverted from the reservoir through a long penstock to the plant. The dam will be the highest and largest dam in Bolivia. Misicuni project director Ramiro Saniz said in 2009 that the water from the Misicuni river is not sufficient to fill the reservoir and that other sources are needed. Background and construction progress The public company in charge of developing the project is Proyecto Misicuni, an entity created by law in 1987. The contractor for the US$90 million dam component is the Consorcio Hidroelectrico Misicuni (CHM). The Misicuni consortium, led with 51 percent ownership by Grandi Lavori Fincosit S.p.A. of Italy, was the sole bidder for the project. Bidding was limited to Italian companies and CHM was the only company to submit a bid. The consortium also includes Bolivian, Colombian and Venezuelan firms. The dam component was originally expected to be completed in 2014. However, in November 2013 the contract was canceled amid delays because CHM "failed to pay for pension funds, health insurances and other labour benefits and to contract key technical personnel." Benefits The tunnel provides 4.5-7.5 million cubic meters of water per year to Cochabamba since 2005, depending on whether the flow of the river is low or high and supplying about 10 percent of the city's drinking water. Once the dam will be completed, the amount of drinking water available will increase tenfold to 63 million cubic meters per year. Environmental and social impact 1365 people live in the reservoir area that will be flooded and will be relocated. The Tunari National Park will also be affected. Financing The dam is partially financed by the Italian government through a 25 million Euro loan and the Development Bank of Latin America (CAF). Total funding from Italy for Phased II and III is USD 93 million. Bolivia will have to pay back the loan over in 20 years with a 0.10% interest rate. The construction of the penstock, hydropower plant and power transmission line is funded by a US$101 million loan from the Inter-American Development Bank approved in 2009. These works were expected to be completed by 2015, but were only 30 percent completed as of April 2013. References Dams in Bolivia Buildings and structures in Cochabamba Department Concrete-face rock-fill dams Hydroelectric power stations in Bolivia Interbasin transfer "
"The Ancient Monuments Preservation Act, 1904 was passed in 18, March 1904 by British India during the times of Lord Curzon. It is expedient to provide for the preservation of ancient monuments, for the exercise of control over traffic in antiquities and over excavation in certain places, and for the protection and acquisition in certain cases of ancient monuments and of objects of archaeological, historical or artistic interest. Act preserves and restores ancient Indian monuments by Archaeological Survey of India. Act content =Sections= # Short title and extent. # Definitions. # Protected Monuments. =Ancient Monuments= # Acquisition of rights in or guardianship of an ancient monument. # Preservation of ancient monument by agreement. # Owners under disability or not in possession. # Enforcement of agreement. # Purchasers at certain sales and persons claiming through owner bound by instrument executed by owner. # Application of endowment to repair of an ancient monument. # Compulsory purchase of ancient monument. # Power of Central Government to control mining, etc., near ancient monument. # Maintenance of certain protected monuments. # Voluntary contributions. # Protection of place of worship from misuse, pollution or desecration. # Relinquishment of Government rights in a monument. # Right of access to certain protected monuments. # Penalties. =Traffic in Antiquities= # Power to Central Government to control traffic in antiquities. =Protection of Sculptures, Carvings, Images, Bas-Reliefs, Inscriptions or like objects= # Power to Central Government to control moving of sculptures, carvings or like objects. # Purchase of sculptures, carvings or like objects by the Government. =Archaeological Excavation= # Power of Central Government to notify areas as protected. # Power to enter upon and make excavations in a protected area. # Power of Central government to make rules regulating archaeological excavation in protected areas. # Power to acquire a protected area. =General= # Assessment of market value or compensation. # Jurisdiction. # Power to make rules. # Protection to public servants acting under Act. References * Text of the Act Archaeology of India Legislation in British India 1904 in law 1904 in India Monuments and memorials in India Historic preservation legislation Historic preservation in India 1904 in British law "