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"Johnson Mountain and Blue Lake seen from Blue Mountain Johnson Mountain is a mountain summit located in the Glacier Peak Wilderness of the North Cascades in Washington state. The mountain is situated in eastern Snohomish County, in the Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. Its nearest higher peak is White Mountain, to the northeast, along with Indian Head Peak to the east. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Sauk River. The mountain's name honors Mackinaw Johnson, a prospector who had a cabin in the vicinity. Geology The North Cascades feature some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks, spires, ridges, and deep glacial valleys. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences. The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted. Glacier Peak, a stratovolcano that is north of Johnson Mountain, began forming in the mid-Pleistocene.Beckey, Fred W. Cascade Alpine Guide, Climbing and High Routes. Seattle, WA: Mountaineers Books, 2008. In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago. During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape leaving deposits of rock debris. The "U"-shaped cross section of the river valleys are a result of recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the North Cascades area. Climate Johnson Mountain is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach the North Cascades, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades (Orographic lift). As a result, the west side of the North Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Due to its temperate climate and proximity to the Pacific Ocean, areas west of the Cascade Crest very rarely experience temperatures below or above . During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. References See also *List of mountain peaks of Washington (state) Mountains of Washington (state) Mountains of Snohomish County, Washington Cascade Range "
"Miia Kivipelto in December 2014. Miia K. Kivipelto (born 1973) is a Finnish neuroscientist and professor at the University of Eastern Finland and Karolinska Institute. Her research focuses on dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Early life and education Kivipelto was born in Alajärvi, Finland in 1973. She studied medicine at the University of Kuopio (now University of Eastern Finland) and received her MD in 1999, specializing in geriatrics. She received her PhD in 2002 after defending her dissertation on vascular risk factors in Alzheimer's disease. In a 2017 interview, Kivipelto attributed her interest in dementia, Alzheimer's, and diseases of aging to her close relationship with her grandmother, who developed Alzheimer's when she was young. Kivipelto held a post-doctoral fellowship at the Karolinska Institute from 2002–2005. In 2006, Kivipelto was appointed associate professor of neuroepidemiology at the University of Kuopio. Kivipelto became a senior lecturer at the Karolinska Institute (KI) in 2010 and was appointed professor of clinical geriatric epidemiology there in 2011. She is a deputy director of the KI Aging Research Center and the KI Memory Clinic clinical trial unit at the Karolinska University Hospital in Huddinge. Research Kivipelto studies the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of dementia, which is a decline in cognitive function strongly associated with ageing and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Her research has identified connections between memory disorders and vascular risk factors such as high blood lipids and high blood pressure, as well as general health risk factors such as poor physical fitness and obesity. Kivipelto published a composite risk score to predict dementia risk based on these factors in 2006 following the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia (CAIDE) population-based study. From 2009–2011, Kivipelto led the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) clinical trial, which demonstrated that a multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring may preserve cognitive functioning in elderly people with high dementia risk. She currently leads the World Wide FINGERS initiative, which aims to replicate multi-domain dementia prevention trials and share data internationally. Awards and honors Kivipelto has received several awards for her work: * Award for Social Impact, Academy of Finland (2009) * Outstanding Young Person of the World, Junior Chamber International (2011) * Neuroscientist of the Year, Brain Research Society of Finland (2018) See also * Alzheimer's disease research * Prevention of dementia * Neuroscience of ageing References Living people Date of birth missing (living people) Finnish scientists Finnish neuroscientists Finnish women neuroscientists Finnish women scientists 21st-century women scientists 1973 births "