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"Edward Meyer Kern (October 26, 1822 or 1823 – November 25, 1863) was an American artist, topographer, and explorer of California, the Southwestern United States, and East Asia.Hine, Robert V.; In the Shadow of Fremont: Edward Kern and the Art of Exploration, 1845-1860, University of Oklahoma, 1982. He is the namesake of the Kern River and Kern County, California. Early life Kern was born in Philadelphia, the son of John Kern III and Mary Elizabeth Bignell. He was trained as an artist. His brother Richard Kern (1821–1853) was also an accomplished artist, and his brother Benjamin Kern (1818–1849) was a doctor. They joined him on several expeditions. Expeditions =California= In 1845–46, Kern accompanied explorer Captain John C. Frémont on his Third Expedition into Mexican Alta California.Sierranevadageotourism.org: "Walker's Pass (No. 99 California Historical Landmark)" Kern received a daily salary of $3.00. He served as a cartographer as well as a documentation artist, collecting botanical and animal specimens on the journey. Each night of the trip Kern drew a field map of the day's route with longitudes and latitudes, and sketched landmarks. En route in Nevada, Kern's drawing documented the Frémont party's killing of over 30 Northern Paiute Indians who were camped at the Humboldt Sink. Google Books: "Frémont, Explorer for a Restless Nation", by Ferol Egan, text pg. 305; Edward Kern drawings (Bancroft Library collection) pg.320. Just before they reached Klamath Lake, Klamath tribesmen attacked the expedition and several members were killed. A brutal counterattack by Frémont and his group upon a native village resulted in the deaths of many Klamath people. Kern recorded the counterattack in an engraving that was later published with Frémont's report. Sutter's Fort Frémont then ordered his main party – which included Kern and Joseph Walker – to travel the southern Sierra route over the pass Walker had discovered a decade earlier, while Frémont and a few others crossed the northern Sierra at Donner Pass. Frémont named the pass through which Walker led the party Walker Pass. Kern mapped the Kern River, which at the time was known as the Rio de San Felipe, as named by the Spanish. Later, Frémont named the river after his artist. Kern’s campsite in the Kern River Valley, at the junction of the South and North Forks of the Kern River, now lies submerged by Lake Isabella. A historical monument for Kern’s site was placed above the reservoir near its eastern shore on Highway 178. During the 1846 Bear Flag Revolt against Mexico, Frémont placed the 23-year-old Kern in command of Sutter's Fort and its company of dragoons in the Sacramento Valley. That left John Sutter the assignment as lieutenant of the dragoons, and second-in- command of his own fort, until 1847. While in command there, news of the stranded Donner Party reached Kern, as Sutter's Fort had been their destination. Internet Archive: "Desperate Passage: The Donner Party's Perilous Journey West", by Ethan Rarick, pg. 165. Kern vaguely promised the federal government would do something for a rescue party across the Sierra, but had no authority to pay anyone. He was later criticized for his mismanagement delaying the search.Xmission.com: The Donner Party: Rescuers and OthersXmission.com: The Donner Party: First Relief Diary; article about Kern's behavior as fund administrator for Donner Party relief. In February 1847, Kern's forces were requested by several settlers who wished to intimidate Indians who had been involved in raids. Kern brought in 20 men, joined by 30 more led by John Sutter, and then proceeded with a series of attacks that killed 20 California Indians in what became known as the Kern and Sutter massacres. =Southwest= In 1848−1849, Edward Kern and his brothers Richard and Benjamin joined Frémont's Fourth Expedition, to the Rocky Mountains in present-day southern Colorado and northern New Mexico. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.org: Kern Drawings of the American Southwest − 1849 Google Books: "Edward M. Kern, Artist and Explorer", by William Joseph Hefferman; University of California, Berkeley, 1951. By the time the last surviving member of the expedition reached Taos on February 12, 1849, 10 of the party had died. To move more quickly to safety, it had been necessary for the brothers to hide their goods (including sketches) in a cave. After arriving in the New Mexico Territory, Benjamin Kern and Frémont's guide Old Bill Williams returned for the hidden goods but were killed by a band of Utes. In August 1849, Edward and Richard Kern joined the John M. Washington military reconnaissance expedition to the Navajo in 1849, to punish the Navajo for raids on the New Mexico settlements and to secure a treaty with them, in addition to surveying the country. The expedition brought both brothers back to New Mexico. Richard's role, as second assistant and artist, was to make portraits of Indian chiefs, costume, scenery, geological formations, ruins, and to copy ancient writings found on stones. Edward's role was as first assistant and topographer.Kern, Richard H. Notes of a Military Reconnaissance of the Pais de los Navajos in the Months of Aug & Sep 1849. Huntington Library Manuscript 4274.Weber, David J. Richard H. Kern: expeditionary artist in the far southwest, 1848-1853. Albuquerque: Published for the Amon Carter Museum by the University of New Mexico Press, 1985. Edward and Richard stayed in New Mexico for two years, working for the Corps of Topographical Engineers. The Kern brothers gave the American public some of its earliest authentic images of the people and landscape of Arizona, New Mexico, and southern Colorado, with views of Canyon de Chelly, Chaco Canyon, and El Morro (Inscription Rock).Google Books: Pioneer Photographers of the Far West; by Peter E. Palmquist, Thomas R. Kailbourn. In 1853, Edward joined Lieutenant John Pope, who was seeking a better route between Santa Fe and Fort Leavenworth. His brother Richard was killed in 1853, while on the Gunnison–Beckwith Expedition to survey a railroad route that would pass through the Rocky Mountains. Whampoa" =Asia= From 1853 to 1855, Edward Kern served on the ship USS Vincennes on an expedition to East Asia. The captain, Cadwalader Ringgold, was declared insane when they reached Hong Kong. Kern used both photography and drawing during this trip. The expedition landed on the eastern shores of Siberia, where Kern spent several weeks. They returned home via Tahiti and San Francisco. In 1858, Kern joined Lieutenant John Mercer Brooke on a survey of the sea lanes between California and China, returning in 1860. =Civil War= During the American Civil War, Kern served under Frémont, who had command of the Army of the West, but when Frémont was relieved of command, Kern was as well. Personal life Kern suffered from epilepsy beginning at a young age. Late in life he established a studio in Philadelphia. Edward Kern died in November 1863 of an epileptic seizure, at his home on 1305 Chestnut Street in Philadelphia. He was buried in Glenwood Cemetery, and later re-interred in New Glenwood Cemetery. =Legacy= Kern's diaries were discovered under the floorboards in an old hotel in Delaware Water Gap, Pennsylvania, and provided source material for David Weber's book on his brother, Richard Kern. The diary and papers are now in the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University. The Boston Museum of Fine Arts holds more than eighty of Kern's works. The Kern River and Kern County, both in California, were named for him. References =Bibliography= * Edward Kern and American Expansion, by Robert V. Hine, Yale University Press, 1962 * In the Shadow of Fremont: Edward Kern and the Art of American Exploration, 1845-1860, by Robert V. Hine, University of Oklahoma Press, 1982. * Indian Customs of California (Mar., 1853), in Archive of Aboriginal Knowledge, by Henry H. Schoolcraft (Philadelphia, 1865) * Journal of an Exploration of the Mary's or Humboldt River, Carson Lake, and Owens River and Lake, in 1845, Appendix Q, in Report of Explorations across the Territory of Utah in 1859, by J. H. Simpson (Washington, DC, 1859) * "Searching for New Sources in Western History" External links * Siskiyous.edu: Expedition Artists of the Frémont Expeditions: The Mid-1840s * Academy of Natural Sciences, Ewell Sale Stewart Library: "Kern Drawings of the American Southwest" — gallery of 75 images. American cartographers American landscape painters Explorers of California Explorers of the United States 1820s births 1863 deaths Artists of the American West American people of the Bear Flag Revolt Artists from Philadelphia People of the New Mexico Territory People of the American Old West Deaths from epilepsy People with epilepsy History of Kern County, California E K 19th-century American painters American male painters 19th-century American photographers 19th-century male artists "
"Sreekrishnapuram is a village in the Palakkad district in the state of Kerala, India. Educational institutions * Govt. Engineering College, Sreekrishnapuram * VTB College, sreekrishnapuram * Perumangode ALP School * Sreekrishnapuram Higher Secondary School *St Dominic's convent english medium school sreekrishnapuram Places of interest * Lt. Col. Niranjan Memorial I.T.I., Elambulassery *Om Sharavanabhava Matham (Math) Demographics * Total population: 27,597 As of the 2001 Indian census, Sreekrishnapuram -I had a population of 13204 with 6246 males and 6958 females. As of the 2001 Indian census, Sreekrishnapuram -II had a population of 14393 with 6734 males and 7659 females. References Villages in Palakkad district "
"Countries participating in the 2009 Davis Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I The Asian and Oceanian Zone is one of the three zones of regional Davis Cup competition in 2009. In the Asian and Oceanian Zone there are four different groups in which teams compete against each other to advance to the next group. Participating teams * Draw * defeated 4-1 in a 1st round tie on 6–8 February in Hsinchuang, Chinese Taipei. First Round Matches =Kazakhstan vs. Chinese Taipei= Second Round Matches =Australia vs. Thailand= =India vs. Chinese Taipei= =China vs. Japan= =Uzbekistan vs. South Korea= Third Round Matches = Australia vs. India= Australia refused to play the tie due to security concerns in Chennai, so India advance to the World Group Playoffs via forfeit. =Japan vs. Uzbekistan= First Round Play-offs =Thailand vs. Kazakhstan= =China vs. South Korea= Second Round Play-offs =Thailand vs. China= External links *Davis Cup draw details Group I Davis Cup Asia/Oceania Zone "